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Understanding Indian Community Genetics

India's unique social structure, with its history of endogamy (marrying within one's community), has created distinct genetic signatures for different communities. Over thousands of years, practices like caste endogamy, regional isolation, and community-specific marriage patterns have led to measurable genetic differences between groups—even when they live in the same geographic area.

Modern DNA testing can now identify these community-specific patterns with remarkable accuracy. By analyzing haplogroup frequencies, autosomal DNA markers, and IBD (Identical By Descent) segments, geneticists can trace the ancestral origins and migration histories of India's diverse communities.

What the Data Reveals

Haplogroup frequencies provide a window into ancestral origins. Communities with higher R1a-Z93 frequencies typically have more Steppe (Indo-Aryan) ancestry, while those with higher H-M69 or L-M20 reflect deeper South Asian roots. However, every community is a mix—there are no "pure" genetic groups.

4,500+
Endogamous Groups
2,000+
Years of Endogamy
50,000+
Years of History

Note: All data is based on peer-reviewed genetic studies. Individual results may vary significantly from population averages.

North India & Punjab

Jat Sikh

Punjab's agricultural community with high Steppe ancestry

R1a1: 55-65%

Punjabi Khatri

Trading community of Punjab with diverse ancestry

R1a1: 50-60%

Rajput

Warrior clans across North India

R1a1: 45-55%

Jat (Haryana)

Haryanvi Jat community patterns

R1a1: 50-60%

West India & Gujarat

Gujarati Patel

Agricultural community with high L-M20

L-M20: 20-30%

Gujarati Brahmin

Priest community of Gujarat

R1a1: 45-55%

Maratha

Warrior community of Maharashtra

H-M69: 20-30%

South India

Tamil Brahmin (Iyer)

Shaiva Brahmins of Tamil Nadu

R1a1: 40-50%

Tamil Brahmin (Iyengar)

Vaishnava Brahmins of Tamil Nadu

R1a1: 35-45%

Reddy

Agricultural community of Andhra/Telangana

H-M69: 25-35%

Nair

Warrior community of Kerala

H-M69: 30-40%

East India & Bengal

Bengali Brahmin

Priest community of Bengal

R1a1: 40-50%

Bengali Kayastha

Scribe community of Bengal

R1a1: 30-40%

Don't See Your Community?

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